CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF SYNTHETIC COW DUNG POWDER POISONING: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Synthetic cow dung powder poisoning is an emerging toxicological emergency in rural South India due to its easy availability and low cost. The compounds commonly contain Auramine-O and Malachite Green, which are associated with severe hepatic, neurological, renal, and cardiovascular toxicity. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical profile, laboratory abnormalities, and outcomes of patients with synthetic cow dung powder poisoning. Methodology:This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Emergency Medicine at from October 2025 to March 2026. A total of 35 patients with synthetic cow dung powder poisoning were included. Demographic details, clinical features, laboratory parameters, ECG findings, complications, and outcomes were analyzed using hospital medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Among the 35 patients, 82.8% were females and the mean age was 30.9 years. Auramine-O poisoning was identified in 78% of cases. Jaundice was the most common clinical feature (60%), followed by abdominal pain and vomiting. Elevated liver enzymes were observed in 85.7% of patients, while renal dysfunction was present in 40%. Metabolic acidosis was noted in 20% and ECG abnormalities in 22.8% of cases. Conclusion: Synthetic cow dung powder poisoning is associated with significant multiorgan toxicity, particularly hepatic dysfunction. Early recognition and prompt supportive management are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.